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Amyl nitrite (amyl nitrite inhalant) causes a non specific relaxation of smooth muscle with the most prominent actions occurring in vascular smooth muscle. This effect on vascular smooth muscle results in coronary vasodilation and decreased systemic vascular resistance and left ventricular preload and afterload. Myocardial ischemia is relieved in patients with angina pectoris, with an abatement of chest pain and possibly other related symptoms. Amyl nitrite (amyl nitrite inhalant) vapors are absorbed rapidly through the pulmonary alveoli, manifesting therapeutic effects within one minute after inhalation. The drug is metabolized rapidly, probably by hydrolytic denitration; approximately onethird of the inhaled amyl nitrite (amyl nitrite inhalant) is excreted in the urine.

Last reviewed on RxList: 9/25/2008
This monograph has been modified to include the generic and brand name in many instances.