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Enbrel

Clinical Pharmacology
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Clinical Pharmacology

The majority of JRA patients who developed a disease flare in part 2 and reintroduced ENBREL® treatment up to 4 months after discontinuation re-responded to ENBREL® therapy in open-label studies. Most of the responding patients who continued ENBREL® therapy without interruption have maintained responses for up to 48 months.

Studies have not been done in patients with polyarticular-course JRA to assess the effects of continued ENBREL® therapy in patients who do not respond within 3 months of initiating ENBREL® therapy, or to assess the combination of ENBREL® with methotrexate.

Psoriatic Arthritis

The safety and efficacy of ENBREL® were assessed in a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study in 205 patients with psoriatic arthritis. Patients were between 18 and 70 years of age and had active psoriatic arthritis (≥ 3 swollen joints and ≥ 3 tender joints) in one or more of the following forms: (1) distal interphalangeal (DIP) involvement (N = 104); (2) polyarticular arthritis (absence of rheumatoid nodules and presence of psoriasis; N = 173); (3) arthritis mutilans (N = 3); (4) asymmetric psoriatic arthritis (N = 81); or (5) ankylosing spondylitis-like (N = 7). Patients also had plaque psoriasis with a qualifying target lesion ≥ 2 cm in diameter. Patients on MTX therapy at enrollment (stable for ≥ 2 months) could continue at a stable dose of ≤ 25 mg/week MTX. Doses of 25 mg ENBREL® or placebo were administered SC twice a week during the initial 6-month double-blind period of the study. Patients continued to receive blinded therapy in an up to 6-month maintenance period until all patients had completed the controlled period. Following this, patients received open-label 25 mg ENBREL® twice a week in a 12-month extension period.

Compared to placebo, treatment with ENBREL® resulted in significant improvements in measures of disease activity (Table 6).

Table 6:
Components of Disease Activity in Psoriatic Arthritis


  Placebo
N = 104
ENBREL®a
N = 101
Parameter (median) Baseline 6 Months Baseline 6 Months
Number of tender joints b 17.0 13.0 18.0 5.0
Number of swollen joints c 12.5 9.5 13.0 5.0
Physician global assessment d 3.0 3.0 3.0 1.0
Patient global assessment d 3.0 3.0 3.0 1.0
Morning stiffness (minutes) 60 60 60 15
Pain d 3.0 3.0 3.0 1.0
Disability index e 1.0 0.9 1.1 0.3
CRP (mg/dL) f 1.1 1.1 1.6 0.2
a p < 0.001 for all comparisons between ENBREL® and placebo at 6 months.
b
Scale 0 – 78.
c
Scale 0 – 76.
d
Likert scale; 0 = best, 5 = worst.
e
Health Assessment Questionnaire1; 0 = best, 3 = worst; includes eight categories: dressing and grooming, arising, eating, walking, hygiene, reach, grip, and activities.
f Normal range: 0 – 0.79 mg/dL.
Brand Name: Enbrel
Generic Name: Etanercept
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