A total of 578 patients received ZELAPARÃ? in clinical trials. Because the controlled trials performed during premarketing development both used a titration design (1.25 mg per day for 6 weeks, followed by 2.5 mg per day for 6 weeks), with a resultant confounding of time and dose, it was impossible to adequately evaluate the effects of dose on the incidence of adverse events.

The most commonly observed adverse events, which were greater than placebo, reported in the double-blind, placebo-controlled trials during ZELAPARÃ? treatment were dizziness, nausea, pain, headache, insomnia, rhinitis, dyskinesia, back pain, stomatitis, and dyspepsia.

Of the 194 patients treated with ZELAPARÃ? in the double-blind, placebo-controlled trials, 5.2% discontinued due to adverse events compared to 1.0% of the 98 patients who received placebo. Events causing discontinuation of treatment included dizziness, chest pain, accidental injury, and myasthenia.

Table 1 lists the adverse events reported in the placebo-controlled trials after at least one dose of ZELAPARÃ? (incidence ≥ 2%). The events cited reflect experience gained under closely monitored conditions of clinical trials in a highly selected patient population. In actual clinical practice or in other clinical trials, these frequency estimates may not apply, as the conditions of use, reporting behavior, and the kinds of patients may differ.

Treatment emergent adverse events were reported at a higher frequency by patients ≥ 65 years of age compared to patients <65 years old. Analysis of adverse event incidence in each group was conducted to calculate and compare relative risk (ZELAPARÃ? % / Placebo%) for each treatment. The relative risk was ≥ 2 fold higher for ZELAPARÃ? treatment in the geriatric patients compared to the non-geriatric patients for hypertension, orthostatic/postural hypotension (See WARNINGS-orthostatic hypotension), dizziness, somnolence, ECG abnormality, nausea, dyspepsia, abnormal dreams, anxiety, cheilitis, diarrhea, hyperkalemia, pharyngitis, flu syndrome, and infection.

No consistent differences in the incidences of adverse events were observed between male and female patients.

There were insufficient data to assess the impact of race on the incidence of adverse events.

ZELAPARÃ? has been administered to 578 patients for whom complete adverse event data was captured during all clinical trials, only some of which were placebo controlled. During these trials, all adverse events were recorded by the clinical investigators using terminology of their own choosing. Similar types of events were grouped into a smaller number of standardized categories using modified COSTART dictionary terminology. All reported events are included below except those already listed elsewhere in labeling, those too general to be informative, and those not reasonably associated with the use of the drug.

Body as a Whole: allergic reaction, cellulitis, cyst, face edema, fever, hernia, infection fungal, infection superimposed, infection viral, neck pain, neoplasm, pain flank, cyanosis.

Nervous System: abnormal gait, agitation, akinesia, aphasia, CNS neoplasia, dementia, dystonia, emotional lability, encephalopathy, hyperkinesias, hypertonia, hypokinesia, hypotonia, incoordination, increased salivation, myclonus, nervousness, neuralgia, neuropathy, paranoid reaction, paresthesia, peripheral neuritis, personality disorder, psychosis, reflexes decreased, sleep disorder, subdural hematoma, thinking abnormal, vertigo, migraine.

Digestive System: anorexia, cholecystitis, cholelithiasis, colitis, esophageal ulcer, esophagitis, gamma glutamyl transpeptidase increased, gastritis, gastroenteritis, gingivitis, hepatitis, intestinal obstruction, liver function tests abnormal, peptic ulcer, tongue edema.

Cardiovascular System: angina pectoris, atrial fibrillation, atrial flutter, AV block first degree, bigeminy, cardiomegaly, cardiomyopathy, cerebral ischemia, congestive heart failure, heart arrest, hypotension, migraine, myocardial infarct, myocardial ischemia, pallor, sinus bradycardia, supraventricular tachycardia, syncope, vascular disorder, vasodilation.

Musculoskeletal System: arthralgia, arthritis, arthrosis, bone pain, bursitis, leg cramps, tendon rupture, tenosynovitis.

Respiratory System: sinusitis, asthma, bronchitis, carcinoma of the lung, hiccup, epistaxis, lung edema, pleural effusion, pneumonia, pneumothorax, voice alteration.

Skin and Appendages: contact dermatitis, dry skin, eczema, fungal dermatitis, herpes simplex, herpes zoster, pruritis, seborrhea, skin benign neoplasm, skin carcinoma, skin hypertrophy, skin melanoma, skin discoloration, skin ulcer, sweating.

Metabolic and Nutritional Disorders: avitaminosis, dehydration, diabetes mellitus, edema, gout, hyperchloestermia, hyperglycemia, hyperkalemia, hyperlipidemia, hyperphosphatemia, hypoglycemia, albuminuria, hyponatremia, hypoproteinemia, SPGT increased.

Urogenital Disorders: breast carcinoma, cystitis, epididymitis, kidney calculus, ovarian disorder, prostatic carcinoma, prostatic specific antigen increase, urinary frequency, urination impaired, urinary incontinence, urinary urgency.

Special Senses: abnormal vision, amblyopia, blindness, cataract specified, conjunctivitis, deafness, diplopia, dry eyes, eye hemorrhage, glaucoma, otitis externa, retinal artery occlusion, retinal detachment, taste loss, taste perversion, tinnitus.

Hemic and Lymphatic System: abnormal platelets, anemia, chronic leukocytosis, cyanosis, eosinophilia, lymphoma like reaction, myelocytic leukemia, sedimentation rate increased.

Meperidine: Serious, sometimes fatal reactions have been precipitated with concomitant use of meperidine (e.g., Demerol and other tradenames) and MAO inhibitors including selective MAO-B inhibitors. (See CONTRAINDICATIONS.)

Dextromethorphan: The combination of MAO inhibitors and dextromethorphan has been reported to cause brief episodes of psychosis or bizarre behavior. Therefore, in view of ZELAPARÃ?s MAO inhibitory activity, dextromethorphan should not be used concomitantly with ZELAPARÃ?. (See CONTRAINDICATIONS.)

Selegiline Products: ZELAPARÃ? should not be administered along with other selegiline products (e.g., Eldepryl) because of the increased risk of non-selective MAO inhibition that may lead to a hypertensive crisis. (See CONTRAINDICATIONS.)

Sympathomimetic medications: One case of hypertensive crisis has been reported in a patient taking the recommended dose of swallowed selegiline and a sympathomimetic medication (ephedrine).

Tricyclic Antidepressants and Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors: Severe toxicity has also been reported in patients receiving the combination of tricyclic antidepressants and swallowed selegiline and selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors and swallowed selegiline. (See WARNINGS.)

Levodopa/carbidopa: (See PRECAUTIONS, General; PRECAUTIONS, Dyskinesia.)

Cytochrome P450 Enzymes: CYP2B6 and CYP3A4 are involved in the metabolism of selegiline. CYP2A6 may have a minor role in the metabolism of selegiline.

Effect of the CYP3A inhibitor itraconazole: Itraconazole (200 mg QD) did not affect the pharmacokinetics of selegiline (single 10 mg oral, swallowed dose).Drugs that induce CYP450: Although adequate studies have not been done investigating the effect of CYP3A4-inducers on selegiline, drugs that induce CYP3A4 (e.g. phenytoin, carbamazepine, nafcillin, phenobarbital, and rifampin) should be used with caution.

Drug Interaction Studies: No drug interaction studies have been conducted to evaluate the effects of other drugs on the pharmacokinetics of ZELAPARÃ? or the effect of selegiline on other drugs. In vitro studies have demonstrated that selegiline is not an inhibitor of CYP450 enzymes. The induction potential of selegiline has not been adequately characterized. Drugs that induce CYP3A4 (phenytoin, carbamazepine, nafcillin, phenobarbital, and rifampin) should be used with caution.

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