The incidence of treatment-emergent adverse events has been ascertained from 3 placebo-controlled clinical trials involving 1,608 men in which daily doses of 10 and 15 mg alfuzosin were evaluated. In these 3 trials, 473 men received UROXATRAL (alfuzosin HCl 10 mg extended-release tablets). In these studies, 4% of patients taking UROXATRAL (alfuzosin HCl extended-release tablets) 10 mg tablets withdrew from the study due to adverse events, compared with 3% in the placebo group.

Table 4 summarizes the treatment-emergent adverse events that occurred in ≥ 2% of patients receiving UROXATRAL, and at an incidence numerically higher than that of the placebo group. In general, the adverse events seen in long-term use were similar in type and frequency to the events described below for the 3-month trials.

Table 4 - Treatment-Emergent Adverse Events Occurring in ≥ 2% of UROXATRAL-Treated Patients and More Frequently than with Placebo in 3-Month Placebo-Controlled Clinical Studies

The following adverse events, reported by between 1% and 2% of patients receiving UROXATRAL and occurring more frequently than with placebo, are listed alphabetically by body system and by decreasing frequency within body system:

Body as a whole: pain

Gastrointestinal system: abdominal pain, dyspepsia, constipation, nausea

Reproductive system: impotence

Respiratory system: bronchitis, sinusitis, pharyngitis

Signs and Symptoms of Orthostasis in Clinical Studies: The adverse events related to orthostasis that occurred in the double-blind phase 3 studies with alfuzosin 10 mg are summarized in Table 5. Approximately 20% to 30% of patients in these studies were taking antihypertensive medication.

Table 5 - Number (%) of Patients with Symptoms Possibly Associated with Orthostasis in 3-Month Placebo-Controlled Clinical Studies

Multiple testing for blood pressure changes or orthostatic hypotension was conducted in the three controlled studies at each scheduled clinic visit (Days 14, 28, 56, and 84). Patients with a decrease in systolic blood pressure of > 20 mm Hg after 2 minutes standing following being supine were excluded from the three trials. These tests were considered positive for blood pressure decrease if (1) supine systolic blood pressure was ≤ 90 mm Hg, with a decrease ≥ 20 mm Hg versus baseline, and/or (2) supine diastolic blood pressure was ≤ 50 mm Hg, with a decrease ≥ 15 mm Hg versus baseline. The tests were considered positive for orthostatic hypotension if there was a decrease in systolic blood pressure of ≥ 20 mm Hg upon standing from the supine position during the orthostatic tests. According to these definitions, decreased systolic blood pressure was observed in none of the 674 placebo patients and 1 (0.2%) of the 469 UROXATRAL patients. Decreased diastolic blood pressure was observed in 3 (0.4%) of the placebo patients and in 4 (0.9%) of the UROXATRAL patients. A positive orthostatic test was seen in 52 (7.7%) of placebo patients and in 31 (6.6%) of the UROXATRAL patients. No vital sign measurements were obtained following first dose administration in the phase 3 studies, except for a subset of patients in study 1 who had blood pressure measurements 12 to 16 hours after the first dose to assess the potential to produce orthostatic hypotension. None of these 35 UROXATRAL treated patients showed a positive test for systolic, diastolic or orthostatic blood pressure change.

Post-Marketing Adverse Event Reports:

The following adverse reactions have been identified during post approval use of UROXATRAL. Because these reactions are reported voluntarily from a population of uncertain size, it is not always possible to reliably estimate their frequency.

General disorders: edema

Cardiac disorders: tachycardia, chest pain, angina pectoris in patients with pre-existing coronary artery disease

Gastrointestinal disorders: diarrhea

Hepatobiliary disorders: hepatocellular and cholestatic liver injury (including cases with jaundice leading to drug discontinuation)

Respiratory system disorders: rhinitis

Reproductive system disorders: priapism

Skin and subcutaneous tissue disorders: rash, pruritis, urticaria, angioedema

Vascular disorders: flushing

During cataract surgery, a variant of small pupil syndrome known as Intraoperative Floppy Iris Syndrome (IFIS) has been reported in some patients on or previously treated with alpha-1 blockers (see PRECAUTIONS).

Drug-Drug Interactions: The pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic interactions between UROXATRAL and other alpha-blockers have not been determined. However, interactions may be expected, and UROXATRAL should NOT be used in combination with other alpha-blockers.

Coronary Insufficiency: If symptoms of angina pectoris should newly appear or worsen, UROXATRAL should be discontinued.

Hepatic Insufficiency: UROXATRAL should not be given to patients with moderate or severe hepatic insufficiency. (See CONTRAINDICATIONS). The pharmacokinetics of UROXATRAL have not been studied in patients with mild hepatic insufficiency (See CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY, Patients with Hepatic Insufficiency).

Renal Insufficiency: Systemic exposure was increased by approximately 50% in pharmacokinetic studies of patients with mild, moderate, and severe renal insufficiency (See CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY, Special Populations). In phase 3 studies, the safety profile of patients with mild (n=172) or moderate (n=56) renal impairment was similar to the patients with normal renal function in those studies. Safety data are available in only a limited number of patients (n=6) with creatinine clearance below 30 mL/min; therefore, caution should be exercised when UROXATRAL is administered in patients with severe renal insufficiency.

Patients with Congenital or Acquired QT Prolongation: In a study of QT effect in 45 healthy males (See CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY, Electrophysiology), the QT effect appeared less with alfuzosin 10 mg than with 40 mg, and the effect of alfuzosin 40 mg did not appear as large as that of the active control moxifloxacin at its therapeutic dose. A post-marketing study evaluating the effect of combining UROXATRAL with another drug of comparable QT effect showed an increased effect when compared to either drug alone (see CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY, Electrophysiology). Although this study was not designed to make direct statistical comparisons between drugs, the QT increase with both drugs was no more than additive and was lower than that of the active control moxifloxacin. These observations should be considered in clinical decisions when prescribing UROXATRAL for patients with a known history of QT prolongation or patients who are taking medications which prolong the QT interval. There has been no signal of Torsades de Pointe in the extensive post-marketing experience with alfuzosin. There are no known PK/PD studies of the effects of other alpha-blockers on cardiac repolarization.

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