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home > drugs a-z list > cocaine (cocaine hydrochloride topical solution) drug center > cocaine (cocaine hydrochloride topical solution) drug - overdosage and contraindications
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Cocaine
Why causes nosebleeds?
The nose is a part of the body rich in blood vessels (vascular) and is situated in a vulnerable position as it protrudes on the face. As a result, trauma to the face can cause nasal injury and bleeding. The bleeding may be profuse, or simply a minor complication. Nosebleeds can occur spontaneously when the nasal membranes dry out and crack. This is common in dry climates, or during the winter months when the air is dry and warm from household heaters. People are more susceptible to a bloody nose if they are taking medications which prevent normal blood clotting warfarin (Coumadin), aspirin, or any anti-inflammatory medication]. In this situation, even a minor trauma could result in significant bleeding.
The incidence of nosebleeds is higher during the colder winter months when upper respiratory infections are more frequent, and the temperature and humidity fluctuate more dramatically. In addition, changes from a bitter cold...
Cocaine
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OVERDOSE
The fatal dose of cocaine (cocaine hydrochloride topical solution) has been approximated at 1.2 g., although severe toxic effects have been reported from doses as low as 20 mg.
Symptoms - The symptoms of cocaine (cocaine hydrochloride topical solution) poisoning are referable to the CNS, namely the patient becomes excited, restless, garrulous, anxious and confused. Enhanced reflexes, headache, rapid pulse, irregular respiration, chills, rise in body temperature, mydriasis, exophthalmos, nausea, vomiting and abdominal pain are noticed. In severe overdoses, delirium, Cheyne-Stokes respiration, convulsions, unconsciousness, and death from respiratory arrest result. Acute poisoning by cocaine (cocaine hydrochloride topical solution) is rapid in developing.
Treatment - The specific treatment of acute cocaine (cocaine hydrochloride topical solution) poisoning is the intravenous administration of a short-acting barbiturate or diazepam. Artificial respiration may be necessary. It is important to limit absorption of the drug. If entrance of the drug into circulation can be checked, and respiratory exchange maintained, the prognosis is favorable since cocaine (cocaine hydrochloride topical solution) is eliminated fairly rapidly.
CONTRAINDICATIONS
Cocaine Hydrochloride (cocaine (cocaine hydrochloride topical solution) hydrochloride topical solution) is contraindicated in patients with a known history of hypersensitivity to the drug or to the components of the topical solution.
Last reviewed on RxList: 3/19/2009
This monograph has been modified to include the generic and brand name in many instances.
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