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What is the swine flu (H1N1 influenza A virus) and what causes it?

The 2009 swine flu virus (otherwise known as H1N1 influenza) is caused by an H1N1 influenza A virus. H1N1 influenza viruses are the normal cause of influenza in humans and may also infect other animals, including pigs. This particular variant is an example of a virus that likely originated in swine and has mutated (changed its biological characteristics) so it is now affecting humans.

What are the symptoms of swine flu (H1N1 influenza A virus)?

Symptoms of swine flu vary widely and are similar to symptoms of seasonal flu. Infected individuals may experience

  • fever,
  • cough,
  • sore throat,
  • body aches,
  • headache,
  • chills, and
  • fatigue.

Vomiting and diarrhea have been reported and severe cases may result in respiratory failure and even death.

How...

Fluarix

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PATIENT INFORMATION

The vaccine recipient or guardian should be:

  • informed of the potential benefits and risks of immunization with FLUARIX.
  • educated regarding potential side effects, emphasizing that: (1) FLUARIX contains non-infectious killed viruses and cannot cause influenza and (2) FLUARIX is intended to provide protection against illness due to influenza viruses only, and cannot provide protection against all respiratory illness.
  • instructed to report any adverse events to their healthcare provider.
  • informed that safety and efficacy have not been established in pregnant women. Register women who receive FLUARIX while pregnant in the pregnancy registry by calling 1-888-452-9622.
  • given the Vaccine Information Statements, which are required by the National Childhood Vaccine Injury Act of 1986 to be given prior to immunization. These materials are available free of charge at the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) website (www.cdc.gov/vaccines).
  • instructed that annual revaccination is recommended.

Last reviewed on RxList: 1/10/2012
This monograph has been modified to include the generic and brand name in many instances.

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