Lastacaft
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Lastacaft
CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY
Mechanism of Action
Alcaftadine is a H1 histamine receptor antagonist and inhibitor of the release of histamine from mast cells. Decreased chemotaxis and inhibition of eosinophil activation has also been demonstrated
Pharmacokinetics
Absorption
Following bilateral topical ocular administration of alcaftadine ophthalmic solution, 0.25%, the mean plasma Cmax of alcaftadine was approximately 60 pg/mL and the median Tmax occurred at 15 minutes. Plasma concentrations of alcaftadine were below the lower limit of quantification (10 pg/mL) by 3 hours after dosing. The mean Cmax of the active carboxylic acid metabolite was approximately 3 ng/mL and occurred at 1 hour after dosing. Plasma concentrations of the carboxylic acid metabolite were below the lower limit of quantification (100 pg/mL) by 12 hours after dosing. There was no indication of systemic accumulation or changes in plasma exposure of alcaftadine or the active metabolite following daily topical ocular administration.
Distribution
The protein binding of alcaftadine and the active metabolite are 39.2% and 62.7%, respectively.
Metabolism
The metabolism of alcaftadine is mediated by non-CYP450 cytosolic enzymes to the active carboxylic acid metabolite.
Excretion
The elimination half-life of the carboxylic acid metabolite is approximately 2 hours following topical ocular administration. Based on data following oral administration of alcaftadine, the carboxylic acid metabolite is primarily eliminated unchanged in the urine.
In vitro studies showed that neither alcaftadine nor the carboxylic acid metabolite substantially inhibited reactions catalyzed by major CYP450 enzymes.
Clinical Studies
Clinical efficacy was evaluated in conjunctival allergen challenge (CAC) studies. LASTACAFT™ (alcaftadine ophthalmic solution) was more effective than its vehicle in preventing ocular itching in patients with allergic conjunctivitis induced by an ocular allergen challenge, both at 3 minutes post-dosing and at 16 hours post-dosing of LASTACAFT™ (alcaftadine ophthalmic solution) .
The safety of LASTACAFT™ (alcaftadine ophthalmic solution) was evaluated in a randomized clinical study of 909 subjects over a period of 6 weeks.
Last reviewed on RxList: 8/20/2010
This monograph has been modified to include the generic and brand name in many instances.
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