Mannitol IV (Mannitol Injection) Drug Information: Description, User Reviews, Drug Side Effects, Interactions

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May 26, 2012

Mannitol IV

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What is glaucoma?

Glaucoma is a disease of the major nerve of vision, called the optic nerve. The optic nerve receives light-generated nerve impulses from the retina and transmits these to the brain, where we recognize those electrical signals as vision. Glaucoma is characterized by a particular pattern of progressive damage to the optic nerve that generally begins with a subtle loss of side vision (peripheral vision). If glaucoma is not diagnosed and treated, it can progress to loss of central vision and blindness.

Glaucoma is usually, but not always, associated with elevated pressure in the eye (intraocular pressure). Generally, it is this elevated eye pressure that leads to damage of the eye (optic) nerve. In some cases, glaucoma may occur in the presence of normal eye pressure. This form of glaucoma is believed to be caused by poor regulation of blood flow to the optic nerve.

How common is glaucoma?

Worldwide, glaucoma...

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Mannitol IV

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Mannitol
(mannitol (mannitol (mannitol injection) injection) ) Injection, Solution

Flexible Plastic Container
Fliptop Vial

DRUG DESCRIPTION

Mannitol I.V. (Mannitol Injection, USP) is a sterile, nonpyrogenic solution of mannitol (mannitol (mannitol injection) injection) in water for injection available in concentrations of 5%, 10%, 15%, 20% in flexible plastic containers and 25% in a Fliptop vial for administration by intravenous infusion only.

The content and characteristics of the available concentrations are as follows:

Conc. (%)	g/100 mL	mOsmol/liter (calc.)	pH*
5	5	274	6.3 (4.5 to 7.0)
10	10	549	6.3 (4.5 to 7.0)
15	15	823	6.3 (4.5 to 7.0)
20	20	1098	6.3 (4.5 to 7.0)
25	25	1372	5.9 (4.5 to 7.0)
*Concentrations up to 20% may contain sodium bicarbonate for pH adjustment; the 25% concentration may contain sodium bicarbonate and/or hydrochloric acid for pH adjustment.

The solutions contain no bacteriostat, antimicrobial agent or added buffer (except for pH adjustment) and each is intended only as a single-dose injection. When smaller doses are required the unused portion should be discarded.

Mannitol (mannitol (mannitol injection) injection) Injection, USP is a parenteral obligatory osmotic diuretic.

Mannitol, USP is chemically designated D-mannitol (mannitol (mannitol injection) injection) (C₆H₁₄O₆), a white crystalline powder or free-flowing granules freely soluble in water. It has the following structural formula:

Mannitol Structural Formula Illustration

Water for Injection, USP is chemically designated H₂0.

The flexible plastic container is fabricated from a specially formulated polyvinylchloride. Water can permeate from inside the container into the overwrap, but not in amounts sufficient to affect the solution significantly. Solutions in contact with the plastic container may leach out certain chemical components from the plastic in very small amounts; however, biological testing was supportive of the safety of the plastic container materials. Exposure to temperatures above 25°C/77°F during transport and storage will lead to minor losses in moisture content. Higher temperatures lead to greater losses. It is unlikely that these minor losses will lead to clinically significant changes within the expiration period.

Last reviewed on RxList: 9/30/2008
This monograph has been modified to include the generic and brand name in many instances.