Prosed DS (Methenamine, Salicylate, Methylene Blue, Benzoic Acid Atropine and Hyoscyamine) Drug Information: Clinical Pharmacology

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May 27, 2012

Prosed DS

Urinary Tract Infection (UTI In Adults) »

Urinary tract infection (UTI) facts

Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are infections of the urethra, bladder, ureters, or the kidneys, which comprise the urinary tract.
E. coli bacteria cause the majority of UTIs, but many other bacteria, fungi, and parasites may also cause UTIs.
Females have a higher risk for UTIs than most males, probably because of their anatomy; other risk factors for UTIs include any condition that may impede urine flow (e.g., enlarged prostate, congenital urinary tract abnormalities, and inflammation). Patients with catheters or those who undergo urinary surgery and men with enlarged prostates are at higher risk for UTIs.
Symptoms and signs of UTI vary somewhat depending on sex, age, and the area of the urinary tract that is infected; some unique symptoms develop depending on the infecting agent.
UTIs are diagnosed usually by isolating and identifying the urinary pathogen from the patient; there a...

Read the Urinary Tract Infection (UTI In Adults) article »

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CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY

METHENAMINE degrades in an acidic urine environment releasing formaldehyde which provides bactericidal or bacteriostatic action. It is well absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract. 70 to 90% reaches the urine unchanged at which point it is hydrolyzed if the urine is acidic.Within 24 hours it is almost completely (90%) excreted; of this amount at pH 5, approximately 20% is formaldehyde. Protein binding - some formaldehyde is bound to substances in the urine and surrounding tissues. Methenamine is freely distributed to body tissue and fluids but is not clinically significant as it does not hydrolyze at a pH greater than 6.8.

PHENYL SALICYLATE releases salicylate, a mild analgesic for pain.

METHYLENE BLUE possesses weak antiseptic properties. It is well absorbed by the gastrointestinal tract and is rapidly reduced to leukomethylene blue which is stabilized in some combination form in the urine. 75% is excreted unchanged.

BENZOIC ACID has a mild antibacterial and antifungal action. It also helps maintain an acid pH in the urine necessary for the degradation of methenamine.

HYOSCYAMINE SULFATE is a parasympatholytic drug which relaxes smooth muscles. Protein binding for hyoscyamine sulfate is moderate. Biotransformation for hyoscyamine sulfate is hepatic. It is well absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract. The majority of hyoscyamine sulfate is excreted unchanged.

Last reviewed on RxList: 8/8/2008
This monograph has been modified to include the generic and brand name in many instances.