Sodium Bicarbonate (Sodium Bicarbonate 5% Injection) Drug Information: Side Effects and Drug Interactions

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May 27, 2012

Sodium Bicarbonate

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GERD Facts

GERD is a condition in which the acidified liquid content of the stomach up into the esophagus.
The causes of GERD include an abnormal lower esophageal sphincter, hiatal hernia, abnormal esophageal contractions, and slow emptying of the stomach.
GERD may damage the lining of the esophagus, thereby causing inflammation (esophagitis), although usually it does not.
The symptoms of uncomplicated GERD are heartburn, regurgitation, and nausea.
Complications of GERD include ulcers and strictures of the esophagus, Barrett's esophagus, cough and asthma, throat and laryngeal inflammation, inflammation and infection of the lungs, and collection of fluid in the sinuses and middle ear.
Barrett's esophagus is a pre-cancerous condition that requires periodic endoscopic surveillance for the development of cancer.
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Sodium Bicarbonate

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SIDE EFFECTS

Overdose of sodium bicarbonate (sodium bicarbonate 5% injection) may result in a severe degree of alkalosis which may be accompanied by hyperirritability or tetany. Should alkalosis result, the bicarbonate should be stopped and the patient managed according to the degree of alkalosis present. Severe alkalosis may be controlled by parenteral injections of calcium gluconate or an acidifying agent such as ammonium chloride.

Reactions which may occur because of the solution or the technique of administration include febrile response, infection at the site of injection, venous thrombosis or phlebitis extending from the site of injection, extravasation, and hypervolemia.

If an adverse reaction does occur, discontinue the infusion, evaluate the patient, institute appropriate therapeutic countermeasures and save the remainder of the fluid for examination if deemed necessary.