Sulfamylon (Mafenide Acetate) Drug Information: Side Effects and Drug Interactions

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May 27, 2012

Sulfamylon

Burns (First Aid) »

Introduction to burns

The skin has an important role to play in the fluid and temperature regulation of the body. If enough skin area is injured, the ability to maintain that control can be lost. The skin also acts as a protective barrier against the bacteria and viruses that inhabit the world outside the body.

The anatomy of the skin is complex, and there are many structures within the layers of the skin. There are three layers:

Epidermis, the outer layer of the skin
Dermis, made up of collagen and elastic fibers and where nerves, blood vessels, sweat glands, and hair follicles reside.
Hypodermis or subcutaneous tissue, where larger blood vessels and nerves are located. This is the layer of tissue that is most important in temperature regulation.

The amount of damage that a burn can cause depends upon its location, its depth, and how much body surface area that it involves.

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Read the Burns (First Aid) article »

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Sulfamylon

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SIDE EFFECTS

In the clinical setting of severe bums, it is often difficult to distinguish between an adverse reaction to mafenide acetate and bum sequelae. In a clinical study of pediatric patients with acute bums requiring autografts who received SULFAMYLON® (mafenide acetate) 5% SOLUTION in addition to double antibiotic solution (DAB) wound therapy (neomycin sulfate 40 mg and polymyxin B 200,000 units/liter), the incidence of rash (4.6%) and itching (2.8%) in the group which received SULFAMYLON® (mafenide acetate) 5% Solution was not different from that experienced with (DAB) dressings alone (5.7% and 1.3%, respectively).

From other clinical settings, a single case of bone marrow depression and a single case of an acute attack of porphyria have been reported following therapy with mafenide acetate. Fatal hemolytic anemia with disseminated intravascular coagulation, presumably related to a glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency, has been reported following therapy with mafenide acetate. The following adverse reactions have been reported with topical mafenide acetate therapy:

Dermatologlc and Allergic: Pain or burning sensation, rash and pruritus (often localized to the area covered by the wound dressing), erythema, skin maceration from prolonged wet dressings, facial edema, swelling, hives, blisters, eosinophilia.

Respiratory or Metabolic: Tachypnea, hyperventilation, decrease in pCOa, metabolic acidosis, increase in serum chloride.