Trimethoprim (Trimethoprim Tablet) Drug Information: Overdosage and Contraindications

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May 27, 2012

Trimethoprim

Travel Medicine »

Why should travelers see a physician before they leave on a trip?

Travelers should see a physician before leaving for a trip if

they are going to developing countries,
they are visiting sites that are not on the usual tourist routes or traveling to high altitudes,
they have chronic diseases that could be affected by travel,
they are visiting countries that require vaccinations before they allow travelers to enter the country.

The goal of a pre-travel medical evaluation is to help travelers protect themselves against (1) common diseases that may be mild but that will disrupt their trip, and (2) less common diseases that may be serious or even fatal. All travelers need to be up to date on routine vaccines they would normally get if they were not traveling. For example, an annual influenza vaccination (flu shot) is recommended if traveling during influenza season. Travelers should also be up to date on te...

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OVERDOSE

Acute

Signs of acute overdosage with trimethoprim (trimethoprim (trimethoprim tablet) tablet) may appear following ingestion of 1 gram or more of the drug and include nausea, vomiting, dizziness, headaches, mental depression, confusion and bone marrow depression (see Chronic subsection).

Treatment consists of gastric lavage and general supportive measures. Acidification of the urine will increase renal elimination of trimethoprim (trimethoprim (trimethoprim tablet) tablet) . Peritoneal dialysis is not effective and hemodialysis is only moderately effective in eliminating the drug.

Chronic

Use of trimethoprim (trimethoprim (trimethoprim tablet) tablet) at high doses and/or for extended periods of time may cause bone marrow depression manifested as thrombocytopenia, leukopenia and/or megaloblastic anemia. If signs of bone marrow depression occur, trimethoprim (trimethoprim (trimethoprim tablet) tablet) should be discontinued and the patient should be given leucovorin; 5 to 15 mg leucovorin daily has been recommended by some investigators.

CONTRAINDICATIONS

Trimethoprim (trimethoprim (trimethoprim tablet) tablet) tablets are contraindicated in individuals hypersensitive to trimethoprim (trimethoprim (trimethoprim tablet) tablet) and in those with documented megaloblastic anemia due to folate deficiency.

Last reviewed on RxList: 9/18/2008
This monograph has been modified to include the generic and brand name in many instances.