Cosela

What is Cosela and how is it used?

Cosela (trilaciclib) is a kinase inhibitor indicated to decrease the incidence of chemotherapy-induced myelosuppression in adult patients when administered prior to a platinum/etoposide-containing regimen or topotecan-containing regimen for extensive-stage small cell lung cancer.

What are side effects of Cosela?

Side effects of Cosela include:

• fatigue,
• low calcium levels (hypocalcemia),
• low potassium levels (hypokalemia),
• low phosphate levels (hypophosphatemia),
• increased aspartate aminotransferase,
• headache,
• pneumonia
• ,
• rash,
• infusion-related reaction,
• swelling of extremities,
• abdominal pain,
• blood clots, and
• high blood sugar (hyperglycemia)

DESCRIPTION

COSELA for injection contains trilaciclib dihydrochloride, a kinase inhibitor.

The chemical name for trilaciclib is 2'-{[5-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)pyridin-2-yl]amino}-7',8'dihydro-6'H-spiro[cyclohexane-1,9'-pyrazino[1',2':1,5]pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidin]-6'-one.

Trilaciclib dihydrochloride is a water-soluble yellow solid, with molecular formula of C₂₄H₃₀N₈O•2HCl, a molecular weight of 519.48 g/mol (Free base: 446.56 g/mol), and the following chemical structure:

COSELA (trilaciclib) for injection is a sterile, preservative-free, yellow lyophilized cake in a single-dose vial for intravenous infusion after reconstitution and dilution.

Each single-dose vial contains the equivalent of 300 mg of trilaciclib (provided as 349 mg of trilaciclib dihydrochloride) and the following inactive ingredients: citric acid monohydrate (75.6 mg) and mannitol (300 mg); hydrochloric acid and sodium hydroxide to adjust pH.

INDICATIONS

COSELA is indicated to decrease the incidence of chemotherapy-induced myelosuppression in adult patients when administered prior to a platinum/etoposide-containing regimen or topotecancontaining regimen for extensive-stage small cell lung cancer (ES-SCLC).

DOSAGE AND ADMINISTRATION

Recommended Dosage

The recommended dose of COSELA is 240 mg/m² per dose. Administer as a 30-minute intravenous infusion completed within 4 hours prior to the start of chemotherapy on each day chemotherapy is administered.

The interval between doses of COSELA on sequential days should not be greater than 28 hours.

Missed Treatment Session(s)

If the COSELA dose is missed, discontinue chemotherapy on the day the COSELA dose was missed. Consider resuming both COSELA and chemotherapy on the next scheduled day for chemotherapy.

Discontinuation Of Treatment

If COSELA is discontinued, wait 96 hours from the last dose of COSELA before resumption of chemotherapy only.

Dose Modification For Adverse Reactions

Withhold, discontinue, or alter the administration of COSELA to manage adverse reactions as described in Table 1 [see WARNINGS AND PRECAUTIONS].

Table 1: Recommended Actions for Adverse Reactions

Preparation And Administration

Reconstitute and further dilute COSELA prior to intravenous infusion as outlined below. Use aseptic technique for reconstitution and dilution.

Parenteral drug products should be inspected visually for particulate matter and discoloration prior to administration, whenever solution and container permit.

Reconstitution Of COSELA

• Calculate the COSELA dose based on the patient’s body surface area (BSA), the total volume of reconstituted COSELA solution required, and the number of COSELA vials needed.
• Reconstitute each 300 mg vial with 19.5 mL of 0.9% Sodium Chloride Injection, USP or 5% Dextrose Injection, USP using a sterile syringe to obtain a concentration of 15 mg/mL of trilaciclib.
• Gently swirl the vial for up to 3 minutes until the sterile lyophilized cake is completely dissolved. Do not shake.
• Inspect the reconstituted solution for discoloration and particulate matter. Reconstituted COSELA solution should be a clear, yellow solution. Do not use if the reconstituted solution is discolored, cloudy, or contains visible particulates.
• If needed, the unused reconstituted solution in the vial can be stored at 20°C to 25°C (68°F to 77°F) for up to 4 hours prior to transfer to the infusion bag. Do not refrigerate or freeze.
• Discard any unused portion after use.

Dilution Of Reconstituted COSELA Solution

• Withdraw the required volume from the vial(s) of reconstituted COSELA solution and dilute into an intravenous infusion bag containing 0.9% Sodium Chloride Injection, USP or 5% Dextrose Injection, USP. The final concentration of the diluted COSELA solution should be between 0.5 mg/mL and 3 mg/mL.
• Mix diluted solution by gentle inversion. Do not shake.
• The diluted COSELA solution for infusion is a clear, yellow solution.
• If not used immediately, store the diluted COSELA solution in the intravenous infusion bag as specified in Table 2. Discard if storage time exceeds these limits. Do not refrigerate or freeze.

Table 2: Diluted COSELA Solution Storage Conditions

Administration

• Administer diluted COSELA solution as a 30-minute intravenous infusion completed within 4 hours prior to the start of chemotherapy.
• Diluted COSELA solution must be administered with an infusion set, including an in-line filter (0.2 or 0.22 micron). Compatible in-line filters include polyethylene sulfone, polyvinylidene fluoride, and cellulose acetate.
• Do not administer diluted COSELA solution with a polytetrafluorethylene (PTFE) in-line filter. PTFE in-line filters are not compatible with diluted COSELA solution.
• Do not co-administer other drugs through the same infusion line.
• Do not co-administer other drugs through a central access device unless the device supports co-administration of incompatible drugs.
• Upon completion of infusion of diluted COSELA solution, the infusion line/cannula must be flushed with at least 20 mL sterile 0.9% Sodium Chloride Injection, USP or 5% Dextrose Injection, USP.

HOW SUPPLIED

Dosage Forms And Strengths

For injection: Contains the equivalent of 300 mg of trilaciclib (provided as 349 mg of trilaciclib dihydrochloride) as a sterile, preservative-free, yellow, lyophilized cake in a single-dose vial for reconstitution and further dilution.

COSELA (trilaciclib) for injection is a yellow lyophilized cake supplied in a single-dose vial. Each carton (NDC 73462-101-01) contains one 300 mg strength single-dose vial.

Storage And Handling

Store COSELA vials at 20°C to 25°C (68°F to 77°F); excursions are permitted to 15°C to 30°C (59°F to 86°F) [see USP Controlled Room Temperature].

The vial stopper is not made with natural rubber latex.

Distributed by: G1 Therapeutics, Inc. Durham, NC 27709. Revised: Feb 2021

SIDE EFFECTS

The following clinically significant adverse reactions are described elsewhere in the label:

• Injection-Site Reactions, including phlebitis and thrombophlebitis [see WARNINGS AND PRECAUTIONS]
• Acute Drug Hypersensitivity Reactions [see WARNINGS AND PRECAUTIONS]
• ILD/Pneumonitis [see WARNINGS AND PRECAUTIONS]

Clinical Trials Experience

Because clinical trials are conducted under widely varying conditions, adverse reaction rates observed in the clinical trials of a drug cannot be directly compared with rates in the clinical trials of another drug and may not reflect the rates observed in clinical practice.

The safety of COSELA was evaluated in Studies 1, 2, and 3 [see Clinical Studies]. Patients received COSELA 240 mg/m² by 30-minute intravenous infusion prior to chemotherapy on each chemotherapy day. The data described in this section reflect exposure to COSELA among 240 patients (122 patients in the trilaciclib group and 118 patients in the placebo group) being treated for extensive stage-small cell lung cancer (ES-SCLC) in 3 randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trials: 32 patients with treatment naive ES-SCLC received carboplatin (AUC 5 Day 1) + etoposide (100 mg/m² Days 1-3) every 21 days; 58 received carboplatin (AUC 5 Day 1) + etoposide (100 mg/m² Days 1-3) every 21 days + atezolizumab (1200 mg on Day 1) every 21 days; 32 patients with previously treated ES-SCLC received topotecan (1.5 mg/m² Days 1-5) every 21 days.

Study 1: COSELA Prior To Etoposide, Carboplatin, And Atezolizumab (E/P/A)

Patients With Newly Diagnosed ES-SCLC Not Previously Treated With Chemotherapy

Study 1 (G1T28-05; NCT03041311) was an international, randomized (1:1), double-blind, placebo-controlled study of COSELA or placebo administered prior to treatment with etoposide, carboplatin, and atezolizumab (E/P/A) for patients with newly diagnosed ES-SCLC not previously treated with chemotherapy. The data presented below are for the 105 patients who received study treatment.

Eighty-five percent of patients receiving COSELA and 91% receiving placebo completed 4 cycles of induction therapy.

Study 2: COSELA Prior To Etoposide And Carboplatin (E/P)

Patients With Newly Diagnosed ES-SCLC Not Previously Treated With Chemotherapy

Study 2 (G1T28-02; NCT02499770) was an international, randomized (1:1), double-blind, placebo-controlled study of COSELA or placebo administered prior to treatment with etoposide and carboplatin (E/P) for patients with newly diagnosed ES-SCLC not previously treated with chemotherapy. The data presented below are for the 75 patients who received study treatment.

Seventy-six percent of patients in the COSELA group and 87% of patients in the placebo group completed at least 4 cycles of therapy. The median duration of treatment was 6 cycles in each treatment group.

Study 3: COSELA Prior To Topotecan

Patients With ES-SCLC Previously Treated With Chemotherapy

Study 3 (G1T28-03; NCT02514447) was an international, randomized (2:1), double-blind, placebo-controlled study of COSELA or placebo administered prior to treatment with topotecan for patients with ES-SCLC previously treated with chemotherapy. The data presented below are for the 60 patients who received study treatment with the 1.5 mg/m² dose of topotecan.

Thirty-eight percent of patients receiving COSELA and 29% of patients receiving placebo completed 5 or more cycles of therapy. The median duration of treatment was 3 cycles in each treatment group.

Integrated Safety Analysis

The adverse reaction summary presented in Table 3 are pooled safety results from Studies 1, 2, and 3. The patients included in the pooling are those randomized patients that received at least 1 dose of COSELA (122 patients) or placebo (118 patients).

Seventy-one percent of patients receiving COSELA and 78% of patients receiving placebo completed at least 4 cycles of therapy. The median duration of treatment was the same (4 cycles) for patients receiving COSELA and placebo.

Serious adverse reactions occurred in 30% of patients receiving COSELA. Serious adverse reactions reported in >3% of patients who received COSELA included respiratory failure, hemorrhage, and thrombosis.

Permanent discontinuation due to an adverse reaction occurred in 9% of patients who received COSELA. Adverse reactions leading to permanent discontinuation of any study treatment for patients receiving COSELA included pneumonia (2%), asthenia (2%), injection-site reaction, thrombocytopenia, cerebrovascular accident, ischemic stroke, infusion-related reaction, respiratory failure, and myositis (<1% each).

Fatal adverse reactions were observed in 5% of patients receiving COSELA. Fatal adverse reactions for patients receiving COSELA included pneumonia (2%), respiratory failure (2%), acute respiratory failure (<1%), hemoptysis (<1%), and cerebrovascular accident (<1%).

Infusion interruptions due to an adverse reaction occurred in 4.1% of patients who received COSELA.

The most common adverse reactions (≥10%) were fatigue, hypocalcemia, hypokalemia, hypophosphatemia, aspartate aminotransferase increased, headache, and pneumonia. The most frequently reported Grade ≥3 adverse reaction (≥5%) in patients receiving COSELA occurring at the same or higher incidence than in patients receiving placebo was hypophosphatemia.

The most common adverse reactions reported in at least 5% of patients receiving COSELA with a ≥2% higher incidence compared to patients receiving placebo are shown in Table 3.

Table 3: Adverse Reactions in ≥5% Patients with SCLC Receiving COSELA (with ≥2% Higher Incidence in COSELA Compared to Placebo)

Grade 3/4 hematological adverse reactions occurring in patients treated with COSELA and placebo included neutropenia (32% and 69%), febrile neutropenia (3% and 9%), anemia (16% and 34%), thrombocytopenia (18% and 33%), leukopenia (4% and 17%), and lymphopenia (<1% and <1%), respectively.

DRUG INTERACTIONS

Effect Of COSELA On Other Drugs, Certain OCT2, MATE1, And MATE-2K Substrates

COSELA is an inhibitor of OCT2, MATE1, and MATE-2K. Co-administration of COSELA may increase the concentration or net accumulation of OCT2, MATE1, and MATE-2K substrates in the kidney (e.g., dofetilide, dalfampridine, and cisplatin) [see CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY].

Refer to the prescribing information for these concomitant medications for assessing the benefit and risk of concomitant use of COSELA.

Table 4: Potentially Significant Drug Interactions with COSELA

WARNINGS

Included as part of the PRECAUTIONS section.

PRECAUTIONS

Injection-Site Reactions, Including Phlebitis And Thrombophlebitis

COSELA administration can cause injection-site reactions including phlebitis and thrombophlebitis. Injection-site reactions including phlebitis and thrombophlebitis occurred in 56 (21%) of 272 patients receiving COSELA in clinical trials, including Grade 2 (10%) and Grade 3 (0.4%) adverse reactions (ARs). The median time to onset from start of COSELA was 15 days (range 1 to 542) and from the preceding dose of COSELA was 1 day (1 to 15).The median duration was 1 day (range 1 to 151 for the resolved cases). Injection-site reactions including phlebitis and thrombophlebitis resolved in 49 (88%) of the 56 patients and led to discontinuation of treatment in 3 (1%) of the 272 patients.

Monitor patients for signs and symptoms of injection-site reactions, phlebitis, and thrombophlebitis, including infusion-site pain and erythema during infusion. For mild (Grade 1) to moderate (Grade 2) injection-site reactions, flush line/cannula with at least 20 mL of sterile 0.9% Sodium Chloride Injection, USP or 5% Dextrose Injection, USP after end of infusion. For severe (Grade 3) or life-threatening (Grade 4) injection-site reactions, stop infusion and permanently discontinue COSELA [see DOSAGE AND ADMINISTRATION].

Acute Drug Hypersensitivity Reactions

COSELA administration can cause acute drug hypersensitivity reactions, including facial edema and urticaria. Acute drug hypersensitivity reactions occurred in 16 (6%) of 272 patients receiving COSELA in clinical trials, including Grade 2 reactions (2%). One patient experienced a Grade 2 anaphylactic reaction 4 days after receiving COSELA, which resolved with epinephrine, and treatment with COSELA was continued. The median time to onset from start of COSELA was 77 days (range 2 to 256) and from the preceding dose of COSELA was 1 day (range 1 to 28). The median duration was 6 days (range 1 to 69 for the resolved cases). Acute drug hypersensitivity reactions resolved in 12 (75%) of the 16 patients.

Monitor patients for signs and symptoms of acute drug hypersensitivity reactions including facial, eye, and tongue edema, urticaria, pruritus, and anaphylactic reactions. For moderate (Grade 2) acute drug hypersensitivity reactions, stop infusion and hold COSELA until the adverse reaction recovers to Grade ≤1. For severe (Grade 3) or life-threatening (Grade 4) acute drug hypersensitivity reactions, stop infusion and permanently discontinue COSELA [see DOSAGE AND ADMINISTRATION].

Interstitial Lung Disease/Pneumonitis

Severe, life-threatening, or fatal interstitial lung disease (ILD) and/or pneumonitis can occur in patients treated with cyclin-dependent kinases (CDK)4/6 inhibitors, the same drug class as COSELA. ILD/pneumonitis occurred in 1 (0.4%) of 272 patients receiving COSELA in clinical trials. The adverse reaction was Grade 3 and reported 2 months after discontinuing COSELA, in a patient receiving a confounding medication. The adverse reaction did not resolve.

Monitor patients for pulmonary symptoms indicative of ILD/pneumonitis such as cough, dyspnea, and hypoxia. For recurrent moderate (Grade 2) ILD/pneumonitis, permanently discontinue COSELA. For severe (Grade 3) or life-threatening (Grade 4) ILD/pneumonitis, permanently discontinue COSELA [see DOSAGE AND ADMINISTRATION].

Embryo-Fetal Toxicity

Based on its mechanism of action, COSELA can cause fetal harm when administered to a pregnant woman. Females of reproductive potential should use an effective method of contraception during treatment with COSELA and for at least 3 weeks after the final dose [see Use In Specific Populations].

Nonclinical Toxicology

Carcinogenesis, Mutagenesis, Impairment Of Fertility

Carcinogenesis studies have not been conducted with trilaciclib.

Trilaciclib was negative for mutagenic potential in a bacterial reverse mutation (Ames) assay and negative for clastogenic potential in an in vitro histone H2AX phosphorylation assay in primary human fibroblasts. Trilaciclib increased the frequency of micronucleus formation in human lymphocytes in vitro. Clastogenic potential of trilaciclib was not assessed in vivo.

Fertility studies have not been performed to evaluate the effects of trilaciclib. Treatment with trilaciclib in female rats and dogs resulted in reductions in mean ovary and uterus weights at clinically relevant exposures, which were reversible after a two-week drug-free recovery period.

Use In Specific Populations

Pregnancy

Risk Summary

Based on the mechanism of action, COSELA can cause fetal harm when administered to a pregnant woman [see CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY]. There are no available human or animal data on COSELA use to evaluate for a drug-associated risk of major birth defects, miscarriage, or adverse maternal or fetal outcomes. Advise pregnant women of the potential risk to a fetus.

The background risk of major birth defects and miscarriage for the indicated population is unknown. All pregnancies have a background risk of birth defect, loss, or other adverse outcomes. However, the background risk of major birth defects is 2% to 4% and of miscarriage is 15% to 20% of clinically recognized pregnancies in the United States general population.

Lactation

Risk Summary

There are no data on the presence of trilaciclib in either human or animal milk, the effects on the breastfed child or the effects on milk production. Because of the potential for serious adverse reactions in breastfed children, advise lactating women to not breastfeed while taking COSELA and for at least 3 weeks after the last dose.

Females And Males Of Reproductive Potential

Pregnancy Testing

Based on its mechanism of action, COSELA can cause fetal harm if administered to a pregnant woman [see Use In Specific Populations]. Pregnancy testing is recommended for females of reproductive potential prior to initiating COSELA.

Contraception

COSELA can cause fetal harm when administered to pregnant women [see Use In Specific Populations]. Advise female patients of reproductive potential to use effective contraception during treatment with COSELA and for at least 3 weeks after the final dose.

Infertility

No studies have been performed in humans to evaluate the effects of COSELA on fertility in either sex.

Based on animal toxicology studies, COSELA may impair fertility in females of reproductive potential [see Nonclinical Toxicology].

Pediatric Use

Safety and effectiveness in pediatric patients have not been established.

Geriatric Use

In the pooled efficacy dataset from Studies 1, 2, and 3, 46% of 123 patients randomized to COSELA were ≥65 years of age, and 49% of 119 patients randomized to placebo were ≥65 years of age. No overall differences in safety or effectiveness of COSELA were observed between these patients and younger patients.

Hepatic Impairment

Use of COSELA is not recommended in patients with moderate or severe hepatic impairment. No dosage adjustment is recommended for patients with mild hepatic impairment (total bilirubin ≤ upper limit of normal [ULN] and aspartate aminotransferase [AST] > ULN, or total bilirubin >1.0 to 1.5 × ULN, irrespective of AST). The pharmacokinetics of COSELA have not been studied in patients with moderate or severe hepatic impairment (total bilirubin >1.5 × ULN, irrespective of AST) [see CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY].

OVERDOSE

No Information provided

CONTRAINDICATIONS

COSELA is contraindicated in patients with a history of serious hypersensitivity reactions to trilaciclib. Reactions have included anaphylaxis [see WARNINGS AND PRECAUTIONS].

PATIENT INFORMATION

Injection-Site Reactions, Including Phlebitis And Thrombophlebitis

Inform patients of the signs and symptoms of injection-site reactions, including phlebitis and thrombophlebitis. Advise patients to contact their healthcare provider immediately for signs and symptoms of injection-site reactions, including phlebitis and thrombophlebitis [see WARNINGS AND PRECAUTIONS].

Acute Drug Hypersensitivity Reactions

Advise patients to contact their healthcare provider immediately for signs and symptoms of acute drug hypersensitivity reactions including facial, eye, and tongue edema, urticaria, pruritis, and anaphylactic reactions [see WARNINGS AND PRECAUTIONS].

Interstitial Lung Disease/Pneumonitis

Advise patients to immediately report new or worsening respiratory symptoms [see WARNINGS AND PRECAUTIONS and DOSAGE AND ADMINISTRATION].

Embryo-Fetal Toxicity

Advise females of reproductive potential of the potential risk to a fetus and to inform their healthcare provider of a known or suspected pregnancy [see Use In Specific Populations].

Advise females of reproductive potential to use effective contraception during treatment with COSELA and for at least 3 weeks after the final dose [see Use In Specific Populations].

Lactation

Advise women not to breastfeed during treatment with COSELA and for at least 3 weeks after the final dose of COSELA [see Use In Specific Populations].

Drug Interactions

Advise patients to inform their healthcare providers of all concomitant medications, including prescription medicines, over-the-counter drugs, vitamins, and herbal products [see DRUG INTERACTIONS].