Xtandi

SIDE EFFECTS

The following is discussed in more detail in other sections of the labeling:

• Seizure [see WARNINGS AND PRECAUTIONS]
• Posterior Reversible Encephalopathy Syndrome (PRES) [see WARNINGS AND PRECAUTIONS]
• Hypersensitivity [see WARNINGS AND PRECAUTIONS]
• Ischemic Heart Disease [see WARNINGS AND PRECAUTIONS]
• Falls and Fractures [see WARNINGS AND PRECAUTIONS]

Clinical Trial Experience

Because clinical trials are conducted under widely varying conditions, adverse reaction rates observed in the clinical trials of a drug cannot be directly compared to rates in the clinical trials of another drug and may not reflect the rates observed in practice.

The data in WARNINGS and PRECAUTIONS reflect seven randomized, controlled trials [AFFIRM, PREVAIL, TERRAIN, PROSPER, ARCHES, Asian PREVAIL (NCT02294461), and STRIVE (NCT01664923)] that were pooled to conduct safety analyses in patients with CRPC (N=3509) or mCSPC (N= 572) treated with XTANDI. Patients received XTANDI 160 mg (N= 4081) or placebo orally once daily (N= 2472) or bicalutamide 50 mg orally once daily (N= 387). All patients continued androgen deprivation therapy (ADT). In these seven trials, the median duration of treatment was 13.8 months (range: <0.1 to 87.6) in the XTANDI group.

In four placebo-controlled trials (AFFIRM, PROSPER, PREVAIL, and ARCHES), the median duration of treatment was 14.3 months (range: <0.1 to 87.6) in the XTANDI group [see Clinical Studies]. In these four trials, the most common adverse reactions (≥ 10%) that occurred more frequently (≥ 2% over placebo) in the XTANDI-treated patients were asthenia/fatigue, back pain, hot flush, constipation, arthralgia, decreased appetite, diarrhea, and hypertension.

AFFIRM (NCT00974311): XTANDI Versus Placebo In Metastatic CRPC Following Chemotherapy

AFFIRM enrolled 1199 patients with metastatic CRPC who had previously received docetaxel. The median duration of treatment was 8.3 months with XTANDI and 3.0 months with placebo. During the trial, 48% of patients on the XTANDI arm and 46% of patients on the placebo arm received glucocorticoids.

Grade 3 and higher adverse reactions were reported among 47% of XTANDI-treated patients. Discontinuations due to adverse events were reported for 16% of XTANDI-treated patients. The most common adverse reaction leading to treatment discontinuation was seizure, which occurred in 0.9% of the XTANDI-treated patients compared to none (0%) of the placebo-treated patients. Table 1 shows adverse reactions reported in AFFIRM that occurred at a ≥ 2% higher frequency in the XTANDI arm compared to the placebo arm.

Table 1: Adverse Reactions in AFFIRM

PREVAIL (NCT01212991): XTANDI Versus Placebo In Chemotherapy-naive Metastatic CRPC

PREVAIL enrolled 1717 patients with metastatic CRPC who had not received prior cytotoxic chemotherapy, of whom 1715 received at least one dose of study drug. The median duration of treatment was 17.5 months with XTANDI and 4.6 months with placebo. Grade 3-4 adverse reactions were reported in 44% of XTANDI-treated patients and 37% of placebo-treated patients. Discontinuations due to adverse events were reported for 6% of XTANDI-treated patients. The most common adverse reaction leading to treatment discontinuation was fatigue/asthenia, which occurred in 1% of patients on each treatment arm. Table 2 includes adverse reactions reported in PREVAIL that occurred at a ≥ 2% higher frequency in the XTANDI arm compared to the placebo arm.

Table 2: Adverse Reactions in PREVAIL

TERRAIN (NCT01288911): XTANDI Versus Bicalutamide In Chemotherapy-naive Metastatic CRPC

TERRAIN enrolled 375 patients with metastatic CRPC who had not received prior cytotoxic chemotherapy, of whom 372 received at least one dose of study drug. The median duration of treatment was 11.6 months with XTANDI and 5.8 months with bicalutamide. Discontinuations with an adverse event as the primary reason were reported for 7.6% of XTANDI-treated patients and 6.3% of bicalutamide-treated patients. The most common adverse reactions leading to treatment discontinuation were back pain and pathological fracture, which occurred in 3.8% of XTANDI-treated patients for each event and in 2.1% and 1.6% of bicalutamide-treated patients, respectively. Table 3 shows overall and common adverse reactions (≥ 10%) in XTANDI-treated patients.

Table 3: Adverse Reactions in TERRAIN

PROSPER (NCT02003924): XTANDI Versus Placebo In Non-metastatic CRPC Patients

PROSPER enrolled 1401 patients with non-metastatic CRPC, of whom 1395 received at least one dose of study drug. Patients were randomized 2:1 and received either XTANDI at a dose of 160 mg once daily (N = 930) or placebo (N = 465). The median duration of treatment at the time of analysis was 18.4 months (range: 0.0 to 42 months) with XTANDI and 11.1 months (range: 0.0 to 43 months) with placebo.

Overall, 32 patients (3.4%) receiving XTANDI died from adverse events. The reasons for death with ≥ 2 patients included coronary artery disorders (n = 7), sudden death (n = 2), cardiac arrhythmias (n = 2), general physical health deterioration (n = 2), stroke (n = 2), and secondary malignancy (n = 5; one each of acute myeloid leukemia, brain neoplasm, mesothelioma, small cell lung cancer, and malignant neoplasm of unknown primary site). Three patients (0.6%) receiving placebo died from adverse events of cardiac arrest (n = 1), left ventricular failure (n = 1), and pancreatic carcinoma (n = 1). Grade 3 or higher adverse reactions were reported among 31% of XTANDI-treated patients and 23% of placebo-treated patients. Discontinuations with an adverse event as the primary reason were reported for 9.4% of XTANDI-treated patients and 6.0% of placebo-treated patients. Of these, the most common adverse event leading to treatment discontinuation was fatigue, which occurred in 1.6% of the XTANDI-treated patients compared to none of the placebo-treated patients. Table 4 shows adverse reactions reported in PROSPER that occurred at a ≥ 2% higher frequency in the XTANDI arm than in the placebo arm.

Table 4: Adverse Reactions in PROSPER

ARCHES (NCT02677896): XTANDI Versus Placebo In Metastatic CSPC Patients

ARCHES randomized 1150 patients with mCSPC, of whom 1146 received at least one dose of study drug. All patients received either a gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) analogue concurrently or had bilateral orchiectomy. Patients received either XTANDI at a dose of 160 mg once daily (N=572) or placebo (N=574). The median duration of treatment was 12.8 months (range: 0.2 to 26.6 months) with XTANDI and 11.6 months (range: 0.2 to 24.6 months) with placebo.

Overall, 10 patients (1.7%) receiving XTANDI died from adverse events. The reasons for death in ≥ 2 patients included heart disease (n=3), sepsis (n=2) and pulmonary embolism (n=2). Eight patients (1.4%) receiving placebo died from adverse events. The reasons for death in ≥2 patients included heart disease (n=2) and sudden death (n=2). Grade 3 or higher adverse events were reported in 24% of patients treated with XTANDI. Permanent discontinuation due to adverse events as the primary reason was reported in 4.9% of XTANDI-treated patients and 3.7% of placebo-treated patients. The most common adverse events resulting in permanent discontinuation in XTANDI-treated patients were alanine aminotransferase increased, aspartate aminotransferase elevation, and seizure, each in 0.3%. The most common adverse events leading to permanent discontinuation in placebo-treated patients were arthralgia, and fatigue, each in 0.3%.

Dose reductions due to an adverse reaction occurred in 4.4% of patients who received XTANDI. Fatigue/asthenia was the most frequent adverse reaction requiring dose reduction in 2.1% of XTANDI-treated patients and 0.7% of placebo-treated patients.

Table 5 shows adverse reactions reported in ARCHES that occurred at a ≥ 2% higher frequency in the XTANDI arm than in the placebo arm.

Table 5: Adverse Reactions in ARCHES

Laboratory Abnormalities

Table 6 shows laboratory abnormalities that occurred in ≥ 5% of patients, and more frequently (> 2%) in the XTANDI arm compared to placebo in the pooled, randomized, placebo-controlled studies.

Table 6: Laboratory Abnormalities

Hypertension

In the combined data from four randomized placebo-controlled clinical trials, hypertension was reported in 12% of patients receiving XTANDI and 5% of patients receiving placebo. Medical history of hypertension was balanced between arms. Hypertension led to study discontinuation in < 1% of patients in each arm.

Post-Marketing Experience

The following additional adverse reactions have been identified during post-approval use of XTANDI. Because these reactions are reported voluntarily from a population of uncertain size, it is not always possible to reliably estimate the frequency or establish a causal relationship to drug exposure.

Body as a Whole: hypersensitivity (edema of the face, tongue, lip, or pharynx)

Gastrointestinal Disorders: vomiting

Neurological Disorders: posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome (PRES)

Skin and Subcutaneous Tissue Disorders: rash

Read the entire FDA prescribing information for Xtandi (Enzalutamide Capsules)